10 Things Parent Should Know About Babies

Breast milk is best food for babies aged up to 6 months If your child suffers from diarrhea, breast milk is the best antibiotic for him. So, give your baby breast milk only if you have no other choice anymore. 


Should the baby be given with cook off water?
Actually it is not necessary as breast milk or fomula milk is already contain the water

The use of disposable diapers are often associated rash It is not just a rash, the use of disposable diapers also exposes the baby to the risk of urinary tract infections and rashes on the baby's bottom. 

Defecate Baby who is drinking mother's milk will defecate several times a day, when the age increases, defecation every other day is normal. The stool is not a hard and difficult to remove.  

Babies are often associated with thumb sucking are often not satisfied with milk If this happens at your baby, make sure she gets enough milk. If you are getting enough milk, but still sucking fingers, identify their causes.  

Teeth at different ages is normal Some are having their 1st teeth as young as 3 months and there are who yet grown up to age 1 year. Both situations are normal and healthy. However, most babies grow teeth at the age of seven months. Parents often associate teething with fever, colds and diarrhea. While it has nothing to do, but it was due to bacterial or Vitus. However, the growth of these teeth can lead to reduced infant immune system may easily get infected (infection). If the fever to 38 degrees Celsius when his teeth grow, take her to see a doctor for further examination.
 
Children will only be willing to go to the toilet to pee depending on age and willingness to go to the toilet. Generally, your little ones will gradually be able to control for small and large bowel as age increases. A wise mother will be watching his progress and know when children need to go to the toilet. In the meantime, always giving encouragement.  

Children who are nail biting is having pressure It is more common in children with simple anxiety, fear, and do not know how to socialize with other friends. She began to bite when feeling depressed. For example, when he first entered the school, watching a scary movie. Scold her excessively or punish children, are going to stop nail biting habits that, instead adding to the pressure experienced. The best way, helping find sources of stress and try to help.  

When should you carry a child to a doctor? Normally you are advised to immediately contact a doctor if your baby shows any sudden changes such as pale, irritability, crying, sleeping and did not want to look tired and sleepy or inactive suddenly. 

Baby dropping and throwing things About a year old baby learn how to drop and throw things (toys, food and others). They cry if not get it back. If you help with how to return the item, it will drop again. It causes your child to think it was an interesting game. The solution, take them seat on the floor so that they are free to play. If they starts throwing their food, keep food and ask them to play. Wait until they wants to eat. Scolding the children for waste the foods is not helping at all.  

Parental Concerns: Pneumococcal Disease

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Is it safe to use pneumococcal vaccine in addition to other vaccines on the routine immunisation schedule?

A: YES, pneumococcal vaccines can be given as part of the routines immunisation schedule and may be administered at the same time as other childhood vaccine -DTP or DTPa, Hib, OPV or IPV, Hepatitis B Vaccine, MMR and varicella vaccines

Q: Will vaccines have any adverse effects on my child?

A: Vaccive likes drugs, may have some side effcets but most children are vaccinated with few problems. As with most vaccines administered by injection, common side effcets include soreness and redness at the injection site or fever. These problems are usually not serious and if the occur do not last very long.

Serious side effcets are rare with modern vaccines and risk associated with vaccination are small compared with the serious risks of not getting vaccinated.

Q: Do vaccines really work? I heard that the disease can be caught even if vaccinated?

A: Although vaccination significantly reduces the chances of catching the disease a small possibility of developing the disease is still exists. As vaccines gain widespread public use, large reductions in the incidence of disease are recorded.

Q: When is the right age to vaccinate against Pneumococcal disease?

A: Pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for infants and youn children as early as 2 months to 5 years of age. The number of doses taken by a child is dependent on the age. The dosing schedule should be consulted for appropriate administration.

Q: Is there any reason why my child should not be given the vaccine?

A: Most children can be vaccinated. But a limited number shoul not - usually because of certain allergies or medical problems, or in situations where the risks outweigh the benefits.

Q: How will i know if my child develops an adverse reaction to the vaccine?

A: On the rare occasion that a child may have an allergic reaction, they may rect within minutes or a fews hours of injection. Symptoms may include wheezing or breathing difficulties, hives, weakness, paleness, racing heart, dizziness and/or swelling of the throat. Please consult your doctor if this happen.

Vaccine now for Broader Protection against Pneumococcal Disease

What is Pneumococcal (neu-mo-kok-al) Disease?

Pneumococcal Disease is caused by STREPTOCOCCUC PNEUMONIAE. Which is commonly found in respiratory tract of ypung children and is spread by coughing or sneezing. Currently there are more than 90 known Pneumococcal types, but only 10% cause serious diseases worldwide.

The common types found in our region are 19A, 6A, 14, 16B, 19F and 23F. 19A is an emerging bacteria in the world which cause severe Pneumococcal Disease and is increasingly antibiotic resistant.

What does Pneumococcus Cause?

'Pneumococcus attack different parts of the body'

• Meningitis : Infection of lining of the brain and spinal cord
• Bacteremia: Infection in the bloodstream
• Pneumonia: Infection of the lung
• Otitis Media: Infection of the middle ear

How Serious is Pneumococcal Disease?

Pneumococcal Disease is very serious and may lead to:

• Brain Damage
• Loss of Hearing
• Death

Who should be protected Against Pneumococcal Disease?

• Children younger than 5 years old
• Children attending day care centres
• Those who have weak immune systems
• Those suffering from chronic medical conditions (diabetes, heart, lung, kidney or liver disease)

How to Protect Against Pneumococcal Disease?

Pneumococcal Disease can be treated with antibitics. In recent years, pneumococcal bacteria have been found to be resistant to commonly used antibiotics. This makes treatment difficult and results in longer hospitalisation and higher medical costs.

The best way to protect against Pneumococcal Disease is through vaccination. There are 2 types of pneumococcal vaccine currently available for chilldre:

1. Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 10-valent ( PCV 10) which protect against 10 types of pneumococcal bacteria
2. Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 13-valent ( PCV 13) protects aginast 13 types of pneumococcal bacteria including the emerging serotypes 19A

The World Health Organisation ranks Pneumococcal Disease as the number 1 vaccine-preventable cause of death worldwide, in children younger than 5 years old.

Introducing Solid Foods to Your Baby

Your baby is reaching 6 months old. It's time for solid foods.

Introducing first Solid Foods to your baby is a big milestone. But does your baby is ready for solid foods?

How do you Know if your Baby is ready for Solid Foods?

Your baby may be 3 months old or 4 months old when you start to feel she may need 'something more' than formula or breast milk. Maybe she is beginning to awaken more often at night or eat more often than 'usual' and you wonder if introducing solid foods may be what she needs.

Growth Spurt will occur between 3-4 months of age. Your baby may begin to wake more frequently at night for a feeding and may being to eat non-stop as she did as a newborn. Growth spurts often account for the increased hunger in you baby and should not taken as a sign that your baby needs solid foods added to her diet.

Signs that may Indicate Your baby is Ready for Solid Foods


Your baby may act interested in solid foods before he is developmentally ready to eat them. A baby's intestinal tract may not be fully developed before 6 months. Introducing solid foods before your baby's body is ready to handle them can cause constipation, gas and stomach pain. Starting solid foods too early can cause your baby to develop food allergies or sensitivities. It is normal for babies to go through a growth spurt between 4 and 6 months. If your infants act hungrier that before, it does not mean that he needs solid foods, but rather he needs to nurse frequently or drink more formula.

• Loss of tongue-thrust reflex : baby is able to drink and swallow liquids with ease

• Be able to let you know that she is full from a 'meal' with signs such as turning away from the bottle or breast. This is important so that baby is able to self-regulate the amount of food being eaten. This helps stop baby from accidentally overeating as parents may continue to feed baby thinking that she is still hungry.

• Have the ability to sit up and hold head up unassisted 

• Interest in your food

• Has doubled his birth weight and weighs at least 13 pounds

• Frequently waking in the middle of the night when a solid sleeping pattern had been established.

An Alternative to Solid Foods. 

If your baby has shown interest in solid food but is not quite developmentally ready, try giving him a breastmilk popsicle or momsicle, to give him a new food experience.

Breastfeeding Position: Cross Cradle

Breastfeeding Position: Cross- Cradle

The most common breastfeeding position is the cross-cradle. This position gives the most support to the baby and the mother has complete control over her infant with just one arm.

Here's How:

• Sitting comfortably with the baby at breast height using a pillow for support, tuck the baby's tush in the crook of the opposite arm of the breast being fed. The mother's forearm should be positioned up the length of the baby's back. The baby's head is supported by her thumb and forefinger, right behind the ears. The baby is held tummy-to-tummy with the mother

• Hold the breast that is being fed in a "U" shape. Hold the breast with the thumb on the outer part of the breast and the remaining fingers on the inner side. (Make sure the fingers are back against the chest wall and not too close to the nipple.) The best analogy to make is that of a sandwich. By squeezing the "U", we make a sandwich for the baby: This makes the breast more compact and easily graspable. When adults eat sandwiches they don't stick their whole head into it...they press it together to "latch" onto it as easily as possible. This is the same concept.

• Line up the baby so that the nipple is opposite the baby's nose.

• Tickle the baby's lips with the nipple and pull back slightly until the baby has a wide open mouth. (Do not allow the baby to glide onto the nipple. This will cause sore, painful nipples and at the same time, the baby will not be able to remove an adequate amount of milk from the breast.)

• When the baby opens wide, quickly push his whole body in toward you and make sure that the latch feels comfortable. The baby's upper lip may just hit above the top of the nipple. Most often, mothers will see more of the areola above the upper lip than below it. If there is a pinching feeling, the mother can pull down on the baby's chin, while still latched on, and attempt to "flip" the baby's bottom lip out. If not, she needs to take the baby off the breast and relatch. Remember that babies do not nipple feed, they breastfeed, and they really need to latch on to the underside of the breast.

• The baby's nose to chin should be touching the breast. Try not to press the thumb into the breast to make an "airway" for the baby. This can force the nipple upward and rub against the roof of the baby's mouth, causing nipple abrasion. Babies can breathe absolutely fine while nursing and if they are stuffy, mucousy, or otherwise having breathing trouble, they will pull off the breast themselves. 

• If the latch was perfect, the nipple will come out round and the mother will be comfortable. If the nipple comes out angular or looking like the tip of a new tube of lipstick, and the mother has pain, the latch was incorrect. If she doesn't know what she's doing wrong, a lactation consultant can help to fix the problem.

The cross-cradle position allows you to have more control over how your baby latches on. Many moms find they are able to get their babies latched on more deeply with this hold.

Breastfeeding Position

Breastfeeding positions and latching on are the most important parts of the entire nursing experience. It doesn't matter how prepared a woman was during her pregnancy; how many books she read about breastfeeding; how many other women she talked to about their experiences: When a new mother holds her baby in her arms for the first time, it's surreal...it's beautiful...and, it's daunting. "Whoa, this is awkward! I've never had to sustain a life with my breasts before!" But the truth is, babies are born with the instinct to latch-on and suckle. They might just need a little assistance with the positioning, which is where the mother's practice comes in.

Two of the most common assumptions are that the latch means everything, and that it doesn't matter what position the baby is in. Positioning is key to getting a perfect latch, which is essential for establishing proper milk transfer for the baby and keeping you comfortable at the same time. 

Taking this step-by-step will ensure the best start.

After the young mother to know the important things related to prepare breastfeeding, it helps us know, how to correct breastfeeding position. Obviously, the position is crucial for the convenience of breastfeeding infants and mothers themselves. Do you have to always breastfeed lying down? No. We have to accustom the baby can suckle under any circumstances. Whether we sleep at home, standing, sitting, or even when we were in the vehicle.

Some positioning how-tos:

• Cross-Cradle Position: The most common breastfeeding position used for newborns is the cross-cradle. Here are details on how to latch a baby in this position.
• Football Hold: A wonderful position for a mother who has very large breasts or who has had a c-section. This position is also great for premature or very tiny babies.
• Cradle Hold: A comfortable, natural position for older babies with better head control.
• Side-Lying Position: An excellent position for nursing in bed. This position is also great for a mother who has had a c-section.

Cross-Cradle Position

One arm supporting the baby’s body and others support the head, similar to the cradle position but you will have greater control over baby’s head. Nursing position is good for premature babies or mothers with small nipples.

 Football Hold

Look at the baby’s legs against the wall! This is a great position for breastfeeding twins, as the baby is not blocking the way to the other breast.

Cradle Hold

This position is very good for newborns. Make sure your back is really support for this position. Keep the baby in your stomach, until the skin and your skin touch each other. Let her body facing you, and put his head on your elbow.

Side Lying Position
The breastfeeding position for everyone who had a c-section. The baby is not pressing on the rough spots and you can rest. It is also a nive position at night.

The Saddle Hold
This position is suitable for older abbies. At some point, they are tall enough to sit on your lap and nurse. Before they reach that height, you can put a cushion underneath their bums.

Saddle hold natural with older babies, great with baby carrier

Introducing: Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding allows you to provide your baby with all it needs for growth and development. Breast milk not only contains all the nutrients your baby needs, in an easily digested form, but it also contains antibodies to protect your baby from all kinds of infection.

There are substances in breast milk, which cannot be reproduced. You alone can provide these living factors for your baby. Breastfeeding is a really positive thing to do. It is not only good for your baby, it is good for you. The advantages are numerous.

The main advantages of breastfeeding for your baby

• Breast milk is the only food specifically designed, by nature, to meet your baby's individual needs.
• It contains the right balance of nutrients in a very easily digestible form.
• Antibodies are passed on through breast milk to protect your baby from all kinds of infection. The longer you can feed your baby the better but if you breastfeed for the first three or four months this protection can last for up to a year.
• Your baby is much less likely to need to be admitted to hospital.
• Your baby is less likely to develop diarrhoea or constipation.
• Breastfeeding reduced the incidence of allergies such as eczema and asthma.
• Breast milk contains growth factors and hormones to help your baby's development. These cannot be reproduced in formula milk. Children who have breast fed for eight months or more have been shown to achieve more at school than those who have been bottle fed.

The main advantages of breastfeeding for you

• Breastfeeding helps your body to return to normal after the birth and burns up to 500 calories a day.
• Breast milk is always ready and it costs nothing
• Women who breastfeed often feel a special bond with their baby and may be less likely to develop postnatal depression.
• Breastfeeding may offer you some protection against developing ovarian cancer, breast cancer and hip fractures.

The main disadvantages of breastfeeding for you

• Blood borne viruses such as hepatitis B or HIV and some medication can be passed on to your baby in breast milk.
• Some women find breastfeeding painful, stressful and tiring
• You are unable to measure the amount of milk your baby has consumed, this can be a disadvantage if your baby is having problems putting on weight.
• It can be difficult for a breastfeeding mother to leave her baby for more than a couple of hours as no one else can feed baby unless she leaves expressed milk.

Nearly all women can breastfeed, but many do run into problems. It is important to ask for help. Feeding can take a number of weeks to establish properly. Once established most women then find feeding easy and enjoyable.

The most important thing to know about breastfeeding is how to position your baby during a feed. If your baby is in the right position then everything else will follow.